手法を比較

	地質図作成	地震反射探査解釈
分野	地球科学	地球科学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1799	1960s
提唱者	William Smith	Dobrin and Savit
種類	regional geological documentation pipeline	geophysical imaging pipeline
原典	Compton, R. R. (1962). Manual of Field Geology. John Wiley & Sons.	Yilmaz, Ö. (2001). Seismic Data Analysis: Processing, Inversion, and Interpretation of Seismic Data. Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
別名	field mapping, geological surveying, lithostratigraphic mapping	seismic interpretation, seismic data analysis
関連	4	5
概要	Geologic mapping is the systematic observation and documentation of rock types, structures, and relationships exposed on the land surface. Pioneered by William Smith in 1799, this foundational field method remains essential for understanding subsurface geology, economic geology, hazard assessment, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Modern mapping integrates field observations with satellite imagery, digital logs, and GIS technology to create comprehensive three-dimensional geological frameworks.	Seismic reflection interpretation is the process of extracting meaningful geological information from seismic survey data, which is collected by recording elastic waves reflected from rock layers beneath the surface. Developed and systematized in the mid-20th century, this method is foundational in petroleum exploration and engineering geology. It enables geoscientists to image subsurface structures, identify hydrocarbon prospects, and assess hazards without drilling.