手法を比較

	eQTL解析	ゲノムワイド関連解析 (GWAS)
分野	バイオインフォマティクス	バイオインフォマティクス
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2001 (term coined); widely adopted after 2005	2005–2007
提唱者	Ritsert C. Jansen & Jan-Peter Nap	Klein et al. (age-related macular degeneration GWAS, 2005); landmark scale: Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (2007)
種類	Association mapping method	Observational genomic association study
原典	Jansen, R. C., & Nap, J.-P. (2001). Genetical genomics: the added value from segregation. Trends in Genetics, 17(7), 388–391.	Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. (2007). Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature, 447(7145), 661–678.
別名	eQTL mapping, expression QTL analysis, transcriptomic QTL analysis, eQTL study	GWAS, genome-wide association analysis, whole-genome association study, WGAS
関連	6	6
概要	eQTL analysis identifies genomic loci (variants, typically SNPs) whose genotype statistically associates with variation in the expression level of one or more genes. By jointly profiling DNA-level variation and RNA-level expression in the same individuals, eQTL studies decode the regulatory grammar of the genome — revealing which variants control how much a gene is transcribed, in which tissues, and under what conditions.	A genome-wide association study (GWAS) systematically tests hundreds of thousands to millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the human genome for statistical association with a trait or disease. By comparing allele frequencies between cases and controls — or by regressing SNP genotypes on a quantitative phenotype — GWAS identifies genomic loci that harbor common genetic variants contributing to complex traits. Since its large-scale debut in 2007, GWAS has catalogued thousands of robust disease–variant associations across virtually every common human condition.