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| 管理図× | シックスシグマDMAIC× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野≠ | 実験計画法 | 品質管理 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1924 (first use); 1931 (seminal book) | 2014 |
| 提唱者≠ | Walter A. Shewhart (Bell Labs) | Motorola; Pyzdek & Keller |
| 種類≠ | Statistical monitoring and control technique | Structured process improvement methodology |
| 原典≠ | Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. link ↗ | Pyzdek, T., & Keller, P. (2014). The Six Sigma Handbook (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0-07-184053-9 |
| 別名 | Shewhart chart, process-behavior chart, SPC chart, quality control chart | DMAIC Framework, Six Sigma Process Improvement Cycle, Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control, Altı Sigma DMAIC |
| 関連≠ | 6 | 3 |
| 概要≠ | A control chart is a time-series graph with statistically derived upper and lower control limits that separates the natural, random variation of a process (common cause) from unusual, assignable variation (special cause). Invented by Walter Shewhart at Bell Labs in 1924, control charts remain the foundational tool of Statistical Process Control and are used across manufacturing, healthcare, software, and service industries to monitor whether a process remains stable and predictable over time. | Six Sigma DMAIC is a data-driven, five-phase process improvement methodology — Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control — used to reduce defects and process variation to fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Originating at Motorola in the 1980s and systematized by practitioners including Pyzdek and Keller, it is widely adopted in manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and service industries seeking sustained quality gains. |
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