手法を比較

	コンピュータ適応型テスト信頼性分析	項目応答理論 (IRT)
分野	心理測定学	心理測定学
系統	Latent structure	Latent structure
提唱年	1970s–1980s	1952–1968
提唱者	David J. Weiss and IRT psychometricians	Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models)
種類	Reliability estimation under adaptive testing	Probabilistic measurement model
原典	Weiss, D. J. (1984). Application of computerized adaptive testing to educational problems. Journal of Educational Measurement, 21(4), 361–375.	Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley.
別名	CAT reliability, adaptive test reliability, IRT-based reliability estimation, marginal reliability in CAT	IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory
関連	4	5
概要	CAT reliability analysis quantifies measurement precision in computerized adaptive tests where each examinee receives a unique, individually tailored subset of items. Rather than a single classical coefficient, it uses item response theory to express precision as conditional standard error of measurement at each ability level, and marginal reliability as a global summary across the ability distribution.	Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons.