手法を比較

	コンピュータ適応型テスト（CAT）における内容妥当性	項目応答理論 (IRT)
分野	心理測定学	心理測定学
系統	Latent structure	Latent structure
提唱年	1975 / 1980	1952–1968
提唱者	Lawshe (content validity); Lord & Weiss (CAT framework)	Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models)
種類	Validity evaluation / test design	Probabilistic measurement model
原典	Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563–575.	Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley.
別名	CAT content validity, adaptive item bank content coverage, content balancing in CAT, CAT blueprint validity	IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory
関連	6	5
概要	Content validity in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) ensures that an adaptively administered assessment adequately samples the intended content domain despite delivering only a subset of items to each examinee. It integrates classical content validity methods with CAT-specific item bank design and content balancing algorithms to guarantee representative domain coverage at both the item bank and the individual test level.	Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons.