手法を比較

	クラスター分析	混合モデル (Mixture Modeling)
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Latent structure	Latent structure
提唱年	1939–1967	1894
提唱者	Robert C. Tryon (early development); Ward (1963) for hierarchical; MacQueen (1967) for k-means	Karl Pearson
種類	Unsupervised classification / grouping	Latent variable / density estimation
原典	Everitt, B. S., Landau, S., Leese, M. & Stahl, D. (2011). Cluster Analysis (5th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0470749913	McLachlan, G. J. & Peel, D. (2000). Finite Mixture Models. Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471006268
別名	clustering, unsupervised classification, data clustering, numerical taxonomy	finite mixture model, mixture distribution model, FMM, model-based clustering
関連	5	6
概要	Cluster analysis is a family of unsupervised multivariate techniques that partition a set of objects or observations into internally homogeneous, mutually distinct groups — clusters — based on measured characteristics, without any prior knowledge of group membership. It is widely used in market segmentation, bioinformatics, psychology, and social science to reveal natural groupings in data.	Mixture modeling assumes that a population is composed of K unobserved subpopulations, each described by its own probability distribution. The observed data are treated as draws from a weighted combination of these component distributions. It provides a principled, model-based alternative to ad hoc clustering and supports formal comparison of solutions with different numbers of components.