手法を比較

	ブロック化全要因実験	Blocked Randomized Controlled Trial
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1935 (Fisher); systematized through 20th-century DOE literature	1920s (Fisher's blocking principle); applied to RCTs from the 1940s onward
提唱者	R. A. Fisher (blocking principle); full factorial DOE tradition	R. A. Fisher (blocking principle); systematic RCT application by Bradford Hill and later Pocock, Friedman et al.
種類	Experimental design	Experimental design
原典	Montgomery, D. C. (2017). Design and Analysis of Experiments (9th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1119113478	Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., DeMets, D. L., Reboussin, D. M., & Granger, C. B. (2010). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (4th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-1441915856
別名	blocked full factorial design, full factorial with blocking, complete factorial blocked design, BFF design	blocked RCT, block-randomized trial, stratified block randomization trial, permuted block randomization
関連	4	5
概要	A blocked full factorial experiment tests every combination of all factor levels while grouping experimental runs into homogeneous blocks to isolate a known nuisance variable. This design preserves the power to detect all main effects and interactions of the factors of interest while preventing batch-to-batch, day-to-day, or machine-to-machine variability from inflating experimental error.	A blocked randomized controlled trial (blocked RCT) uses permuted-block randomization to ensure that treatment groups remain balanced in size — and optionally in key characteristics — throughout recruitment. Within each block of fixed or randomly varied size, all treatment allocations are present in equal numbers, so imbalance cannot accumulate even if the trial is stopped early. This makes blocked RCTs the standard randomization approach in clinical and behavioral intervention research.