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	ベイズ空間自己相関	空間的関連の局所的指標（LISA）
分野	空間分析	空間分析
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1991	1995
提唱者	Besag, York & Mollie	Luc Anselin
種類	Bayesian hierarchical spatial model	Local spatial statistic
原典	Besag, J., York, J., & Mollie, A. (1991). Bayesian image restoration, with two applications in spatial statistics. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 43(1), 1–20.	Anselin, L. (1995). Local Indicators of Spatial Association — LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.
別名	Bayesian spatial dependence, Bayesian LISA, Bayesian spatial clustering, BSA	LISA, local spatial autocorrelation statistics, local Moran's I, Anselin LISA
関連	6	6
概要	Bayesian Spatial Autocorrelation embeds spatial dependence directly into a Bayesian hierarchical model. A Conditional Autoregressive (CAR) prior encodes the expectation that neighboring areas are more similar than distant ones, and posterior inference is obtained via MCMC. This approach is especially valuable in disease mapping, ecology, and regional science, where small-area estimates need borrowing strength across neighbors.	LISA, introduced by Luc Anselin in 1995, decomposes a global spatial autocorrelation index into a location-specific statistic for every observation. It identifies where statistically significant spatial clusters and outliers occur on a map, enabling researchers to move beyond a single global summary and pinpoint the geographic sources of spatial dependence.