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	Bayesian Reliability Analysis	ベイズ推論
分野	ベイズ	統計学
系統	Bayesian methods	Bayesian methods
提唱年	2008	1763
提唱者	Bayesian reliability formalized by Hamada, Wilson, Reese & Martz	Thomas Bayes; Pierre-Simon Laplace
種類	Bayesian model for time-to-failure / reliability data	Probabilistic inference paradigm
原典	Hamada, M. S., Wilson, A. G., Reese, C. S., & Martz, H. F. (2008). Bayesian Reliability. Springer Series in Statistics. Springer, New York.	Bayes, T. (1763). An essay towards solving a problem in the doctrine of chances. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 53, 370–418.
別名	Bayesian reliability, Bayesian survival/reliability modeling, Bayesian life-data analysis, Bayesian failure-time analysis	Bayes inference, Bayesian statistics, Bayesian updating, posterior inference
関連	6	3
概要	Bayesian reliability analysis estimates how long components or systems survive — their reliability, failure rate, and lifetime distribution — by combining observed (often censored) failure data with prior knowledge through Bayes' rule. As developed in Hamada, Wilson, Reese, and Martz's Bayesian Reliability (2008), it is especially valuable when failures are rare, tests are expensive, and engineering or historical information must be brought to bear.	Bayesian inference is a statistical paradigm in which probability represents degrees of belief rather than long-run frequencies. It encodes prior knowledge about parameters in a prior distribution, combines that prior with the likelihood of observed data via Bayes' theorem, and produces a posterior distribution that quantifies updated uncertainty. The foundational theorem was published posthumously by Thomas Bayes in 1763 and subsequently systematized by Pierre-Simon Laplace in his 1812 Théorie analytique des probabilités.