手法を比較

	適応型スクリーニング検査評価	項目応答理論 (IRT)
分野	疫学	心理測定学
系統	Process / pipeline	Latent structure
提唱年	1980s–1990s (formal adaptive screening frameworks)	1952–1968
提唱者	Lord, F. M. (IRT foundations); Wainer & colleagues (CAT adaptation to screening)	Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models)
種類	Psychometric evaluation method	Probabilistic measurement model
原典	Wainer, H., Dorans, N. J., Flaugher, R., Green, B. F., & Mislevy, R. J. (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805835113	Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley.
別名	adaptive screening, computerized adaptive screening, tailored screening test evaluation, CAT-based screening evaluation	IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory
関連	3	5
概要	Adaptive screening test evaluation is a psychometric and epidemiological framework for designing and assessing screening instruments whose item selection or stopping rules adjust dynamically to each respondent's response pattern. Rooted in item response theory (IRT) and computerized adaptive testing (CAT), the method uses real-time ability or severity estimates to present only the most informative items, then evaluates the resulting screening decisions against a clinical reference standard using standard diagnostic accuracy metrics.	Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons.