手法を比較

	適応型スクリーニング検査評価	診断精度の研究デザイン
分野	疫学	臨床研究
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1980s–1990s (formal adaptive screening frameworks)	2003-2015
提唱者	Lord, F. M. (IRT foundations); Wainer & colleagues (CAT adaptation to screening)	Bossuyt, Reitsma, and STARD group (2003); clinical epidemiology pioneers
種類	Psychometric evaluation method	Research Design
原典	Wainer, H., Dorans, N. J., Flaugher, R., Green, B. F., & Mislevy, R. J. (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805835113	Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., ... & de Vet, H. C. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(1), 40–44.
別名	adaptive screening, computerized adaptive screening, tailored screening test evaluation, CAT-based screening evaluation	diagnostic accuracy study, test accuracy, STARD, diagnostic evaluation
関連	3	2
概要	Adaptive screening test evaluation is a psychometric and epidemiological framework for designing and assessing screening instruments whose item selection or stopping rules adjust dynamically to each respondent's response pattern. Rooted in item response theory (IRT) and computerized adaptive testing (CAT), the method uses real-time ability or severity estimates to present only the most informative items, then evaluates the resulting screening decisions against a clinical reference standard using standard diagnostic accuracy metrics.	A diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well a new diagnostic test (or biomarker, imaging modality, clinical assessment) detects the presence or absence of disease compared to a reference standard (gold standard). Standardized since 2003 by the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) initiative, diagnostic accuracy studies are fundamental to clinical medicine, determining whether and how new tests can improve patient diagnosis and treatment.