手法を比較

	適応的多基準ベースラインデザイン	適応実験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1968 (multiple baseline base); adaptive extensions discussed from ~2000s onward	1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s
提唱者	Baer, Wolf & Risley (multiple baseline foundation); adaptive modifications developed within single-case methodology community	Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others
種類	Single-case experimental design (SCED)	Experimental research design
原典	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.	Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761
別名	adaptive MBD, flexible multiple baseline design, adaptive SCED multiple baseline, data-driven multiple baseline design	adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization
関連	6	5
概要	The Adaptive Multiple Baseline Design is a single-case experimental design that applies the standard multiple baseline logic — staggering intervention onset across two or more tiers (behaviors, settings, or participants) — but allows phase-change decisions to be guided by ongoing data review rather than fixed, pre-specified schedules. This flexibility makes the design more responsive to participant variability while preserving the core replication logic that supports causal inference.	An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour.