手法を比較

	適応的用量反応解析	用量反応分析
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2000s (key papers 2005–2007; ICH E4 guidance 1994 for classical dose-response)	Conceptual roots 16th century; modern epidemiological application mid-20th century
提唱者	Frank Bretz, José Pinheiro and colleagues; foundational MCP-Mod framework	Paracelsus (conceptual foundation); formalized by John Snow and later Bradford Hill
種類	Adaptive statistical design and analysis	Quantitative analytical method
原典	Bretz, F., Pinheiro, J. C., & Branson, M. (2005). Combining multiple comparisons and modeling techniques in dose-response studies. Biometrics, 61(3), 738-748.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
別名	adaptive DRA, adaptive dose-finding analysis, adaptive exposure-response analysis, adaptive D-R modeling	exposure-response analysis, concentration-response modeling, dose-response modeling, DRA
関連	6	4
概要	Adaptive dose-response analysis combines pre-specified dose-response modeling with planned interim looks that allow modifications — such as dropping ineffective doses or reallocating sample size — while maintaining statistical integrity. The most widely cited framework is MCP-Mod (Multiple Comparisons and Modeling), endorsed by the EMA and FDA as a fit-for-purpose methodology for dose-finding studies in drug development.	Dose-response analysis quantifies the relationship between the magnitude of an exposure (the dose) and the probability or rate of an outcome (the response). It is a core analytical strategy in epidemiology and toxicology, providing evidence that increasing exposure systematically increases — or decreases — the risk of disease. A demonstrated dose-response gradient is one of Bradford Hill's classic criteria supporting causal inference.