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| Modelli di Interazione Spaziale (Gravitazionali)× | Modelli di Localizzazione-Assegnazione× | Multinomial Logit× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Campo≠ | Analisi spaziale | Analisi spaziale | Econometria |
| Famiglia≠ | Regression model | Process / pipeline | Regression model |
| Anno di origine≠ | 1971 | 1963 | 1974 |
| Ideatore≠ | Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family) | Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi | McFadden |
| Tipo≠ | Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations | Spatial facility-location optimization | Multinomial logistic regression |
| Fonte seminale≠ | Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32. DOI ↗ | Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343. DOI ↗ | McFadden, D. (1974). Conditional Logit Analysis of Qualitative Choice Behavior. In P. Zarembka (Ed.), Frontiers in Econometrics (pp. 105-142). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0127761503 |
| Alias | gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli | facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri | multinomial logistic regression, polytomous logistic regression, softmax regression, Çok Kategorili Lojistik Regresyon |
| Correlati≠ | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Sintesi≠ | Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis. | Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population. | Multinomial logistic regression is a maximum-likelihood method for a nominal (unordered) dependent variable with more than two categories. Building on McFadden's 1974 treatment of qualitative choice, it gives each category its own set of coefficients relative to a reference category. |
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