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	Rilevamento della Negazione	Analisi del Sentimento	Classificazione del testo
Campo	Text mining	Text mining	Text mining
Famiglia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	2001 (NegEx); scope learning formalised by 2009	—	—
Ideatore	Chapman et al. (NegEx algorithm, 2001); Morante & Daelemans (scope learning, 2009)	—	—
Tipo	NLP information-extraction task	NLP text-classification task	Supervised NLP classification task
Fonte seminale	Chapman, W.W., Bridewell, W., Hanbury, P., Cooper, G.F., & Buchanan, B.G. (2001). A Simple Algorithm for Identifying Negated Findings and Diseases in Discharge Summaries. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 8(6), 606-614.	Pang, B. & Lee, L. (2008). Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis. Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval, 2(1-2), 1-135.	Joachims, T. (1998). Text Categorization with Support Vector Machines: Learning with Many Relevant Features. ECML 1998. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1398. Springer.
Alias	negation scope identification, negation cue detection, Olumsuzlama Tespiti (Negation Detection)	opinion mining, polarity detection, duygu analizi	text categorization, document classification, topic classification, metin sınıflandırma
Correlati	6	3	4
Sintesi	Negation detection is a natural-language-processing task that locates negation cues in text — words or phrases such as 'no', 'not', 'without', or 'denies' — and determines the span of text (the scope) whose meaning those cues invert. Formalised for clinical text by Chapman et al. (2001) with the NegEx algorithm and extended to scope learning in biomedical literature by Morante and Daelemans (2009), the method is essential wherever the difference between a finding being present and its being explicitly ruled out carries real consequences.	Sentiment analysis, also called opinion mining, is a natural-language-processing task that detects the emotional tone of text — typically classifying it as positive, negative, or neutral. It turns unstructured opinion text into structured, quantifiable polarity signals using one of three families of approaches: sentiment lexicons, trained machine-learning classifiers, or pretrained transformer models.	Text classification, also called text categorization, is a supervised natural-language-processing task that automatically assigns documents to predefined categories. Building on the support-vector-machine approach to text categorization established by Joachims (1998) and consolidated in the text-mining literature by Aggarwal and Zhai (2012), it powers tasks such as spam detection and topic classification by learning from labelled examples.