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| Analisi computerizzata degli item per test adattivi× | Funzionamento Differenziale dell'Item (DIF)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Campo | Psicometria | Psicometria |
| Famiglia | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Anno di origine≠ | 1970s–1990s | 1970s–1993 |
| Ideatore≠ | Lord, Weiss, and colleagues in psychometric research on adaptive testing | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer |
| Tipo≠ | Item calibration and evaluation | Item-level bias detection |
| Fonte seminale≠ | van der Linden, W. J. & Glas, C. A. W. (Eds.) (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: Theory and Practice. Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-0792365556 | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 |
| Alias | CAT item analysis, adaptive item calibration, IRT-based CAT item evaluation, adaptive item parameter estimation | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias |
| Correlati≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Sintesi≠ | Computerized adaptive test item analysis evaluates and calibrates items intended for use in adaptive testing environments. Unlike fixed-form analysis, it accounts for the non-random item exposure inherent in adaptive administration, using item response theory to estimate item parameters, information functions, and exposure rates across the ability continuum. | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. |
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