Jelajahi sains berdasarkan metode, bidang, dan bukti.

IF-MABAC

IF-MABAC (Intuitionistic extension of MABAC) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Li, Y. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-MARCOS

IF-MARCOS (Intuitionistic extension of MARCOS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-MAUT

IF-MAUT (Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (IFWA-based additive utility)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-MOORA

IF-MOORA (Intuitionistic extension of MOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-MULTIMOORA

IF-MULTIMOORA (Intuitionistic extension of MULTIMOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-PROMETHEE

IF-PROMETHEE (Intuitionistic Fuzzy PROMETHEE) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-SAW

IF-SAW (Intuitionistic extension of SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-TODIM

IF-TODIM (Intuitionistic Fuzzy TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-TOPSIS

IF-TOPSIS (Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-VIKOR

IF-VIKOR (Intuitionistic extension of VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-WASPAS

IF-WASPAS (Intuitionistic extension of WASPAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IF-WPM

IF-WPM (Intuitionistic extension of WPM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

soft computing

Imprecise Probability

Imprecise probability is a generalization of standard probability theory that represents epistemic uncertainty through sets of probability measures, called credal sets, rather than a single precise distribution. Introduced systematically by Peter Walley in his 1991 monograph, the framework characterizes beliefs via low

1 sumber1991

optimization

Integer Programming

Integer programming (IP), also called mixed-integer programming (MIP) when only some variables are restricted to whole numbers, is a branch of mathematical optimisation in which some or all decision variables must take integer or binary values. Building on linear programming, it was formalised through Ralph Gomory's cu

2 sumber1958

INTERVAL-GRA

INTERVAL-GRA (Interval-Number Grey-Related Analysis) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Olson, D. L., Wu, D. in 2008. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2008

operations management

Inventory Routing

The Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) is an optimization problem that jointly determines inventory levels at customer locations, delivery routes, and shipment quantities to minimize total logistics and inventory holding costs. Rather than treating inventory management and vehicle routing as separate decisions, IRP recogn

2 sumber2014

IR-CODAS

IR-CODAS (Interval Rough CODAS (Combinative Distance-based Assessment with Interval Rough Numbers for MCGDM)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Cherif, M. R. Frikha, H. M. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducibl

agronomy

Irrigation Scheduling with ETo

Irrigation Scheduling with ETo is a water balance pipeline for determining when and how much to irrigate based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo), soil properties, and crop water demand. Standardized by the FAO in the Penman-Monteith equation and widely adopted globally, this method enables efficient water use in ir

2 sumber1998

IV-ARAS

IV-ARAS (Interval extension of ARAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-CODAS

IV-CODAS (IVAIF-CODAS — Interval-Valued Atanassov Intuitionistic Fuzzy CODAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yeni, F. B., Özçelik, G. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2018

IV-COPRAS

IV-COPRAS (Interval extension of COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-EDAS

IV-EDAS (Interval extension of EDAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-MARCOS

IV-MARCOS (Interval extension of MARCOS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-MOORA

IV-MOORA (Interval extension of MOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-PROJECTION

IV-PROJECTION (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Projection-based MCDM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yue, Z. (2019) — primary normalized IVIFS projection Tsao, C. Y.; Chen, T. Y. (2016) — compromise variant Atanassov, K. T.; Gargov, G. (1989) — IVIFS foundation in 2019; IVI

IV-SAW

IV-SAW (Interval extension of SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-TODIM

IV-TODIM (Interval extension of TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Mishra, A. R., Rani, P., Pardasani, K. R., Mardani, A., Stević, Ž., Pamučar, D. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2020

IV-TOPSIS

IV-TOPSIS (Interval extension of TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Jahanshahloo, G. R., Lotfi, F. H., Izadikhah, M. in 2006. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2006

IV-VIKOR

IV-VIKOR (Interval extension of VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IV-WASPAS

IV-WASPAS (Interval extension of WASPAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Moore, R. E. in 1966. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IVIF-ARAS

IVIF-ARAS (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy ARAS (Büyüközkan & Göçer 2018)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T., Gargov, G. in 1989. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IVIF-CODAS-SORT

IVIF-CODAS-SORT (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy CODAS-SORT (sorting via Euclidean+Hamming relative assessment)) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Ouhibi, A. Frikha, H. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproduci

1 sumber2020

IVIF-COPRAS

IVIF-COPRAS (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy COPRAS (Davoudabadi-Mousavi-Mohagheghi-Vahdani 2019)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T., Gargov, G. in 1989. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible res

IVIF-MABAC

IVIF-MABAC (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy MABAC (Xue, You, Lai, Liu 2016)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T., Gargov, G. in 1989. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IVIF-TODIM

IVIF-TODIM (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy TODIM (Krohling & Pacheco 2014)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T., Gargov, G. in 1989. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IVIF-VIKOR

IVIF-VIKOR (Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy VIKOR (Park, Cho & Kwun 2011)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T., Gargov, G. in 1989. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

IVN-MULTIMOORA

IVN-MULTIMOORA (MULTIMOORA under Interval-Valued Neutrosophic Number Environment) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Stanujkić, D. Zavadskas, E.K. Smarandache, F. Brauers, W.K.M. Karabašević, D. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a s

optimization

Jellyfish Search Optimizer

The Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JSO) is a biologically-inspired metaheuristic algorithm introduced by Shi et al. in 2022, based on the movement and foraging behavior of jellyfish in ocean environments. Jellyfish exhibit two distinct behaviors: passive drifting with ocean currents (exploration) and active swimming towar

1 sumber2022

Jensen-Shannon Divergence

Jensen-Shannon divergence is a symmetric information-theoretic measure of the difference between two probability distributions. Developed by Jian Lin in 1991 as a refinement to the asymmetric Kullback-Leibler divergence, it overcomes KL's directional limitation by averaging the divergences in both directions. The resul

2 sumber1991

operations management

Job Shop Scheduling

Job shop scheduling is the problem of assigning a set of jobs (tasks) to a set of machines (resources) over time, subject to precedence and capacity constraints, with the goal of optimizing performance metrics such as makespan (total completion time), lateness, or cost. The job shop problem is a classic combinatorial o

2 sumber2016

operations management

Kanban

Kanban is a pull-based production control system developed by Taiichi Ohno at Toyota in the 1950s that uses visual signals (traditionally cards or bins) to trigger production and movement of materials based on actual demand rather than forecasts. The Japanese word 'kanban' means 'visual card' or 'sign,' and the system

2 sumber1950

KEMENY-YOUNG

KEMENY-YOUNG (Kemeny-Young — Optimal rank aggregation minimising Kendall τ disagreement) is a aggregationoperator multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Kemeny, J. G. in 1959. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber1959

KEMIRA

KEMIRA (KEmeny Median Indicator Ranks Accordance) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Krylovas, A. Zavadskas, E. K. Kosareva, N. Dadelo, S. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2014

mindfulness psychology

Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills

The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS) is a 39-item self-report questionnaire measuring trait mindfulness across four theoretically distinct skills: Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, and Accepting Without Judgment. Developed by Baer, Smith, and Allen in 2004 at the University of Kentucky, the K

1 sumber2004

educational psychology

Kolb Learning Style Inventory

The Kolb Learning Style Inventory (LSI) is a self-report assessment based on experiential learning theory that identifies how individuals prefer to learn. Developed by David Kolb in 1984, it classifies learners into four styles—Diverging, Assimilating, Converging, and Accommodating—based on two dimensions: how informat

2 sumber1984

Kullback-Leibler Divergence

Kullback-Leibler divergence, also called relative entropy or information divergence, measures the asymmetric difference between two probability distributions. Introduced by Solomon Kullback and Richard Leibler in 1951, this information-theoretic measure quantifies how one probability distribution diverges from a refere

2 sumber1951

L2T-CODAS

L2T-CODAS (Linguistic extension of L2T-CODAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by He, Y., Wei, G., Chen, X., Zhao, J. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

L2T-COPRAS

L2T-COPRAS (Linguistic extension of L2T-COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Gai, T., Cao, M., Cao, Q., Wu, J., Yu, G., Zhou, M. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

L2T-EDAS

L2T-EDAS (2-Tuple Linguistic Neutrosophic EDAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Wang, P., Wang, J., Wei, G. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

L2T-MULTIMOORA

L2T-MULTIMOORA (2-Tuple Linguistic MULTIMOORA (Balezentis & Balezentis 2011)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Baležentis, Alvydas, Baležentis, Tomas in 2006 crisp; 2011 variant applicator. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, r

1 sumber2006

L2T-SAW

L2T-SAW (Linguistic extension of L2T-SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Cid-López, A., Hornos, M. J., Carrasco, R. A., Herrera-Viedma, E. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2018

L2T-TODIM

L2T-TODIM (Linguistic extension of L2T-TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Qi, X., Liang, C., Zhang, J. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

L2T-TOPSIS

L2T-TOPSIS (Linguistic extension of L2T-TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Wei, G. in 2010. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2010

L2T-VIKOR

L2T-VIKOR (Linguistic extension of L2T-VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Ju, Y., Wang, A. in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2013

LBWA

LBWA (Level Based Weight Assessment) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Žižović, M., Pamučar, D. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

Levenshtein Distance

Levenshtein distance, also called edit distance, measures the minimum number of single-character edits (insertions, deletions, substitutions) needed to transform one string into another. Introduced by Vladimir Levenshtein in 1966, this metric is a true metric (satisfying all distance properties) and is fundamental in c

2 sumber1966

Lexicographic Best Worst Method

Lexicographic BWM combines the strengths of the Best Worst Method with lexicographic (sequential) optimization. Instead of weighting all criteria simultaneously, it assigns criteria to priority levels, solves the BWM for the highest-priority criteria first, then solves for lower-priority criteria while keeping the high

2 sumber2015

Lexicographic Goal Programming

Lexicographic Goal Programming (LGP) is a variant of goal programming introduced by Charnes and Cooper in the 1960s. It prioritizes multiple goals in a strict ordinal hierarchy, solving optimization problems sequentially: first achieve the highest-priority goal, then the second-highest while maintaining the first, and

3 sumber1961

optimization

Linear Programming

Linear programming (LP), pioneered by George B. Dantzig in 1947, is a mathematical method for finding the best value of a linear objective function — such as minimum cost or maximum profit — subject to a set of linear inequality and equality constraints. It is the foundational technique in operations research and under

2 sumber1947