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| A Muskingum-transzformáció (Muskingum-transzformáció)× | Közlekedési áramlás (LWR modell)× | Egység-hidrográf× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tudományterület | Építőmérnöki tudomány | Építőmérnöki tudomány | Építőmérnöki tudomány |
| Módszercsalád | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Keletkezés éve≠ | 1938 | 1955 | 1932 |
| Megalkotó≠ | George McCarthy | M. J. Lighthill and G. B. Whitham | L. K. Sherman |
| Típus≠ | Hydrologic method for flood attenuation in rivers | Macroscopic traffic flow modeling using conservation laws | Linear transformation from rainfall to streamflow |
| Alapmű≠ | McCarthy, G. T. (1938). The Unit Hydrograph and Flood Routing. US Army Corps of Engineers Document 608. link ↗ | Lighthill, M. J., & Whitham, G. B. (1955). On kinematic waves I. Flow movement in long rivers. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 229(1178), 281-316. DOI ↗ | Sherman, L. K. (1932). Streamflow from rainfall by the unit graph method. Engineering News-Record, 108(14), 501-505. link ↗ |
| Alternatív nevek | Flood routing, Stream flow attenuation, Hydrologic routing | LWR model, Traffic wave, Kinematic wave theory | UH, Rainfall-runoff, Hydrograph synthesis |
| Kapcsolódó | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Összefoglaló≠ | The Muskingum method is a hydrologic flood routing technique that predicts how a flood wave attenuates (reduces in peak) and spreads as it travels down a river reach. Developed by McCarthy in 1938 for the US Army Corps of Engineers, the method is simple enough for hand calculations while capturing the essential physics of flood propagation. | The Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) model is a macroscopic traffic flow model that treats traffic as a compressible fluid, applying conservation of vehicles and a flow-density relationship. Introduced independently by Lighthill and Whitham (1955) and Richards (1956), the model predicts traffic wave propagation, congestion formation, and bottleneck behavior on highways. | The unit hydrograph (UH) is a linear transformation that converts rainfall excess into streamflow for a watershed. Introduced by Sherman in 1932, the UH assumes that rainfall-runoff response is linear and time-invariant, enabling synthesis of flood hydrographs from design storms for dam spillway design and flood risk assessment. |
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