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| Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)× | Virtualizacija mrežnih funkcija (NFV)× | Otvoreni najkraći put (OSPF)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Područje | Telekomunikacije | Telekomunikacije | Telekomunikacije |
| Obitelj | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Godina nastanka≠ | 2001 | 2012 | 1998 |
| Tvorac≠ | IETF MPLS Working Group | ETSI NFV Industry Specification Group | John Moy |
| Vrsta≠ | label-based forwarding paradigm | virtualization paradigm | link-state routing protocol |
| Temeljni izvor≠ | Rosen, E. C., Viswanathan, A., & Callon, R. (2001). Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture. RFC 3031. link ↗ | ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute). (2012). Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Architectural Framework. GS NFV 002 V1.1.1. link ↗ | Moy, J. T. (1998). OSPF Version 2. RFC 2328. link ↗ |
| Drugi nazivi | label switching, traffic engineering | virtual network functions, network slicing | link-state routing, intra-domain routing |
| Srodne≠ | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Sažetak≠ | Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a forwarding paradigm that prepends a short label to packets, enabling routers to make forwarding decisions based on the label rather than IP destination address. Introduced by IETF (2001), MPLS was designed to enable traffic engineering, VPN creation, and fast rerouting in IP networks. While MPLS complexity is high, it remains foundational in service provider backbones for traffic engineering and Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning. | Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a paradigm that implements traditional network functions (firewalls, load balancers, gateways, packet inspection) as software running on commodity servers instead of proprietary hardware appliances. Introduced by ETSI (2012), NFV reduces capital and operational expenses by leveraging cloud infrastructure and enabling rapid deployment of network services. Combined with SDN, NFV enables on-demand service creation and network slicing. It is now central to 5G and cloud-native network architecture. | OSPF is a link-state interior gateway protocol (IGP) for routing within an autonomous system. Introduced by John Moy in 1998, OSPF converges faster than distance-vector protocols and supports equal-cost multipath (ECMP). It remains widely deployed in enterprise and ISP networks for intra-domain routing, though IS-IS is increasingly preferred in large backbones. |
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