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| Analiza kovarijance (ANCOVA)× | H-test Kruskal-Wallis× | Welchov t-test (nejednake varijance)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Područje | Statistika | Statistika | Statistika |
| Obitelj | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| Godina nastanka≠ | 1932 | 1952 | 1947 |
| Tvorac≠ | Ronald A. Fisher | William Kruskal & W. Allen Wallis | B. L. Welch |
| Vrsta≠ | Parametric group comparison with covariate control | Nonparametric group comparison | Parametric mean comparison (unequal variances) |
| Temeljni izvor≠ | Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205849574 | Kruskal, W. H. & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47(260), 583–621. DOI ↗ | Welch, B. L. (1947). The generalization of Student's problem when several different population variances are involved. Biometrika, 34(1/2), 28–35. DOI ↗ |
| Drugi nazivi≠ | analysis of covariance, covariance analysis, ANCOVA (Kovaryans Analizi) | Kruskal-Wallis H test, one-way ANOVA on ranks, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis Testi | unequal variances t-test, Welch-Satterthwaite t-test, Welch t-Testi (Eşit Olmayan Varyans) |
| Srodne≠ | 4 | 5 | 4 |
| Sažetak≠ | ANCOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the adjusted means of two or more independent groups while statistically controlling for one or more continuous covariates. By removing the portion of outcome variance explained by the covariate, ANCOVA increases statistical precision and produces fairer group comparisons. The method builds on the general linear model framework consolidated by Fisher in the early 1930s and is described comprehensively by Tabachnick and Fidell (2013). | The Kruskal-Wallis H test is a nonparametric hypothesis test that compares three or more independent groups to decide whether their distributions (typically their medians) differ. Introduced by William Kruskal and W. Allen Wallis in 1952, it works on ranks rather than raw values and is the distribution-free counterpart to one-way ANOVA. | Welch's t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two independent groups without assuming their variances are equal. It was introduced by B. L. Welch in 1947 as a more robust generalization of Student's two-sample test for situations where the two groups have different spread. |
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