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	शिक्षा अनुसंधान में रिग्रेशन डिसकंटीन्यूइटी डिज़ाइन	फजी रिग्रेशन डिसकंटीन्यूइटी डिज़ाइन
क्षेत्र	कारणात्मक अनुमान	कारणात्मक अनुमान
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1960 (origination); 1999-2010 (education economics canon)	2001
प्रवर्तक	Thistlethwaite & Campbell (1960); popularized in education economics by Angrist & Lavy (1999), Lee & Lemieux (2010)	Hahn, Todd & van der Klaauw
प्रकार	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Quasi-experimental causal inference
मौलिक स्रोत	Lee, D. S., & Lemieux, T. (2010). Regression discontinuity designs in economics. Journal of Economic Literature, 48(2), 281-355.	Hahn, J., Todd, P., & van der Klaauw, W. (2001). Identification and Estimation of Treatment Effects with a Regression-Discontinuity Design. Review of Economic Studies, 68(1), 201-209.
उपनाम	RDD in education, education RD design, sharp RDD education, score-cutoff design	Fuzzy RD, Fuzzy RDD, Fuzzy RD Design, Imperfect RDD
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	Regression discontinuity design (RDD) in education research exploits a score-based eligibility cutoff — such as a test score threshold, GPA requirement, or age cutoff — to estimate the causal effect of a program, intervention, or policy on student or school outcomes. Units just below and just above the cutoff are treated as near-randomly assigned, enabling credible causal inference without a randomized trial.	Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design (Fuzzy RDD) estimates causal effects when eligibility for a treatment is determined by a threshold on a running variable but actual take-up of that treatment is imperfect — some eligible units do not receive treatment and some ineligible units do. The cutoff acts as an instrument, and the estimand is a Local Average Treatment Effect (LATE) for compliers near the threshold.