विधियों की तुलना करें

	स्टैनफोर्ड प्रेजेंटिज्म स्केल	प्रयास-पुरस्कार असंतुलन पैमाना (Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale)
क्षेत्र	व्यावसायिक स्वास्थ्य	व्यावसायिक स्वास्थ्य
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	2002	1996
प्रवर्तक	Clifford Koopman, Kenneth R. Pelletier, James Murray, and colleagues	Johannes Siegrist
प्रकार	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
मौलिक स्रोत	Koopman, C., Pelletier, K. R., Murray, J. F., Sharda, C. E., Berger, M. L., Turpin, R. S., ... & Bendel, T. (2002). Stanford Presenteeism Scale: Health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(1), 14-20.	Siegrist, J., Starke, D., Chandola, T., Peter, I., Marmot, M., Theorell, T., ... & Fuhrer, R. (2004). The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons. Social Science & Medicine, 58(8), 1483-1499.
उपनाम	SPS-6, Presenteeism Scale	ERI
संबंधित	5	4
सारांश	The Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) is a brief assessment tool measuring work productivity and performance among employees who are present at work despite health problems, personal issues, or other limitations. Developed by Koopman and colleagues in 2002, the SPS-6 quantifies the degree to which an employee's ability to concentrate, accomplish tasks, and maintain efficiency is compromised while working. Presenteeism—working while ill or impaired—is increasingly recognized as a significant occupational health concern with substantial economic and wellbeing consequences.	The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) Scale is an occupational stress assessment tool based on a reciprocal model of work stress. Developed by Johannes Siegrist in 1996, the ERI measures the degree to which employees experience imbalance between their job efforts (demands, overcommitment) and job rewards (income, recognition, career prospects, security). The instrument is grounded in social reciprocity theory and has strong evidence linking high imbalance to cardiovascular disease, depression, and burnout.