विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| ARDL सीमा परीक्षण (Pesaran सीमा परीक्षण)× | जोहान्सन सह-एकीकरण परीक्षण और सदिश त्रुटि सुधार मॉडल× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र≠ | अर्थमिति | वित्त |
| परिवार | Regression model | Regression model |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 2001 | 1991 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Pesaran, Shin & Smith | Søren Johansen |
| प्रकार≠ | Cointegration test / Autoregressive distributed lag model | Multivariate cointegration / vector error correction model |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326. DOI ↗ | Johansen, S. (1991). Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models. Econometrica, 59(6), 1551-1580. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम≠ | Pesaran bounds test, bounds testing approach, ARDL cointegration test, ARDL Sınır Testi (Pesaran Bounds Test) | Johansen test, VECM, vector error correction model, multivariate cointegration |
| संबंधित≠ | 4 | 3 |
| सारांश≠ | The ARDL bounds test is an autoregressive distributed lag method that tests for a cointegrating (long-run level) relationship between time series, introduced by Pesaran, Shin and Smith in 2001. Unlike the Johansen procedure, it remains valid whether the variables are I(0), I(1) or a mix of the two, and it is more reliable than Johansen in small samples of roughly 30 to 80 observations. | The Johansen procedure is a multivariate cointegration framework, introduced by Søren Johansen in 1991, that tests for long-run equilibrium relationships among several I(1) time series. It determines how many cointegrating vectors link the series and then builds a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to describe the short-run dynamics around that equilibrium. |
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