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	ऑग्मेंटेड डिकी-फुलर (एडीएफ) यूनिट-रूट टेस्ट	ERS बिंदु-इष्टतम इकाई-मूल परीक्षण
क्षेत्र	अर्थमिति	अर्थमिति
परिवार	Regression model	Hypothesis test
उद्भव वर्ष	1979	1996
प्रवर्तक	David A. Dickey & Wayne A. Fuller	Elliott, Rothenberg & Stock
प्रकार	Unit-root test for stationarity	One-sided parametric unit-root test
मौलिक स्रोत	Dickey, D. A., & Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366a), 427–431.	Elliott, G., Rothenberg, T. J., & Stock, J. H. (1996). Efficient tests for an autoregressive unit root. Econometrica, 64(4), 813–836.
उपनाम	ADF test, Dickey-Fuller test, unit root test, Genişletilmiş Dickey-Fuller testi	ERS P-test, Point-Optimal Unit-Root Test, ERS PT statistic, ERS Nokta-Optimal Birim Kök Testi
संबंधित	4	3
सारांश	The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test is the most widely used test for a unit root — that is, for whether a time series is non-stationary and must be differenced before modelling. Introduced by David Dickey and Wayne Fuller in 1979 and extended by Said and Dickey in 1984 to series with higher-order autocorrelation, it regresses the change in the series on its lagged level plus lagged differences and asks whether the lagged-level coefficient is zero.	The Elliott-Rothenberg-Stock (ERS) Point-Optimal test, introduced in their landmark 1996 Econometrica paper, is a near-efficient parametric procedure for testing whether a univariate time series contains a unit root. By first applying GLS detrending at a carefully chosen local-to-unity value and then computing a likelihood-ratio-type statistic, it achieves power close to the Gaussian power envelope—making it one of the most powerful unit-root tests available to applied econometricians.