השוואת שיטות

	מודל TGARCH (Threshold GARCH)	מודל ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average)
תחום	אקונומטריקה	אקונומטריקה
משפחה	Regression model	Regression model
שנת המקור	1993-1994	1970
הוגה השיטה	Zakoian (1994); Glosten, Jagannathan & Runkle (1993)	George Box and Gwilym Jenkins
סוג	Asymmetric volatility model	Time series forecasting model
מקור מכונן	Zakoian, J.-M. (1994). Threshold heteroskedastic models. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 18(5), 931-955.	Box, G. E. P., & Jenkins, G. M. (1970). Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. Holden-Day.
כינויים	Threshold GARCH, TGARCH, GJR-GARCH, asymmetric GARCH	ARIMA, Box-Jenkins model, integrated ARMA, ARIMA(p,d,q)
קשורות	6	6
תקציר	The Threshold GARCH (TGARCH) model extends the standard GARCH framework by allowing positive and negative return shocks to have asymmetric effects on conditional variance. Negative shocks — bad news — typically amplify volatility more than positive shocks of the same magnitude, a stylised fact known as the leverage effect. TGARCH captures this asymmetry through a threshold indicator that switches on when the previous period's shock was negative.	The ARIMA(p,d,q) model is the standard workhorse for univariate time series forecasting. It combines autoregressive terms (past values), differencing to induce stationarity, and moving average terms (past shocks) into a unified linear framework. Developed by Box and Jenkins (1970), it remains one of the most widely applied models in econometrics and applied statistics.