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Examinez les méthodes sélectionnées côte à côte ; les lignes qui diffèrent sont mises en évidence.
| Test t de Welch (variances inégales)× | Test U de Mann-Whitney× | |
|---|---|---|
| Domaine | Statistique | Statistique |
| Famille | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| Année d'origine | 1947 | 1947 |
| Auteur d'origine≠ | B. L. Welch | H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney |
| Type≠ | Parametric mean comparison (unequal variances) | Nonparametric two-group comparison |
| Source fondatrice≠ | Welch, B. L. (1947). The generalization of Student's problem when several different population variances are involved. Biometrika, 34(1/2), 28–35. DOI ↗ | Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | unequal variances t-test, Welch-Satterthwaite t-test, Welch t-Testi (Eşit Olmayan Varyans) | Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi |
| Apparentées | 4 | 4 |
| Résumé≠ | Welch's t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two independent groups without assuming their variances are equal. It was introduced by B. L. Welch in 1947 as a more robust generalization of Student's two-sample test for situations where the two groups have different spread. | The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed. |
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