Comparer des méthodes

	Analyse d'items multi-groupes	Analyse Factorielle Confirmatoire (AFC)
Domaine	Psychométrie	Psychométrie
Famille	Latent structure	Latent structure
Année d'origine	1986	1969
Auteur d'origine	Classical test theory tradition; systematised by Crocker & Algina (1986)	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
Type	Comparative item-level analysis	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
Source fondatrice	Crocker, L. & Algina, J. (1986). Introduction to Classical and Modern Test Theory. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN: 978-0030616341	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
Alias	MGIA, group-comparative item analysis, subgroup item analysis, cross-group item analysis	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
Apparentées	6	4
Résumé	Multi-group item analysis computes classical item statistics — difficulty, discrimination, and corrected item-total correlations — separately for each subgroup in a sample and then compares those statistics across groups. It is a standard diagnostic step in scale development and test fairness evaluation, revealing items that behave differently for men versus women, across age cohorts, or across cultural groups before more formal DIF testing.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.