Comparer des méthodes

	Analyse factorielle	Analyse en composantes principales
Domaine	Statistiques de recherche	Apprentissage automatique
Famille	Process / pipeline	Machine learning
Année d'origine	1931	2002
Auteur d'origine	Louis Leon Thurstone	Jolliffe, I.T. (textbook); Pearson & Hotelling (origins)
Type	Method	Unsupervised dimensionality reduction
Source fondatrice	Thurstone, L. L. (1947). Multiple Factor Analysis. University of Chicago Press.	Jolliffe, I.T. (2002). Principal Component Analysis (2nd ed.). Springer.
Alias	EFA, CFA, latent variable modeling	Temel Bileşenler Analizi (PCA), PCA, principal components analysis, Karhunen-Loève transform
Apparentées	3	3
Résumé	Factor analysis is a statistical technique for identifying latent (unobserved) dimensions underlying observed variables, developed by Louis Leon Thurstone in the 1930s and formalized by Jöreskog (1969). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) discovers unknown factor structure from data; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tests hypothesized relationships between observed and latent variables. Essential in psychometrics (test development), organizational research (measuring constructs like leadership style), and biomedicine (identifying disease subtypes), factor analysis reduces dimensionality while revealing conceptual organization in multivariate data.	Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is an unsupervised dimensionality-reduction method — given its modern textbook treatment by Ian Jolliffe (2002) — that compresses high-dimensional data into fewer dimensions while preserving the maximum possible variance. It re-expresses correlated variables as a small set of uncorrelated principal components ordered by how much of the data's variation each one captures.