مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Robust ADF Unit Root Test	آزمون ریشه واحد دیکی-فولر تعمیم‌یافته (ADF)
حوزه	اقتصادسنجی	اقتصادسنجی
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1996-2001	1979–1984
پدیدآور	Ng and Perron (2001); Elliott, Rothenberg, and Stock (1996)	Said & Dickey (1984); building on Dickey & Fuller (1979)
نوع	Unit root / stationarity test	Hypothesis test (unit root)
منبع بنیادین	Ng, S., and Perron, P. (2001). Lag length selection and the construction of unit root tests with good size and power. Econometrica, 69(6), 1519-1554.	Said, S. E., & Dickey, D. A. (1984). Testing for unit roots in autoregressive-moving average models of unknown order. Biometrika, 71(3), 599–607.
نام‌های دیگر	robust ADF test, HAC-corrected ADF, heteroscedasticity-robust unit root test, GLS-detrended ADF	ADF test, ADF unit root test, Dickey-Fuller test (augmented), Said-Dickey test
مرتبط	6	5
خلاصه	The Robust ADF unit root test extends the classical ADF procedure with improvements that correct for size distortions arising from heteroscedastic or serially correlated errors, and from poor lag-length selection. Drawing on GLS detrending (Elliott, Rothenberg, and Stock 1996) and modified information criteria (Ng and Perron 2001), it delivers reliable size and power in the presence of non-standard error processes common in macroeconomic and financial time series.	The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test is the standard procedure for determining whether a univariate time series contains a unit root — that is, whether the series is non-stationary. It extends the original Dickey-Fuller test by including lagged difference terms that absorb serial correlation in the residuals, making the test valid for a wide range of time-series processes encountered in economics and finance.