مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	تحلیل پراگماتیک کاپلان-مایر	کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی عملگرایانه
حوزه	اپیدمیولوژی	اپیدمیولوژی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1958 (estimator); pragmatic application formalized 1967 onward	1967
پدیدآور	Kaplan & Meier (estimator, 1958); Schwartz & Lellouch (pragmatic trial framework, 1967)	Daniel Schwartz & Joseph Lellouch
نوع	Non-parametric survival estimator within pragmatic study design	Interventional study design
منبع بنیادین	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.	Schwartz, D., & Lellouch, J. (1967). Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 20(8), 637–648.
نام‌های دیگر	pragmatic KM analysis, real-world Kaplan-Meier, pragmatic survival curve estimation, KM analysis in pragmatic trials	pragmatic RCT, effectiveness trial, real-world RCT, practical clinical trial
مرتبط	5	6
خلاصه	Pragmatic Kaplan-Meier analysis applies the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator to time-to-event data collected under real-world or pragmatic conditions — diverse populations, routine clinical care, minimal exclusions, and standard-of-care comparators. Unlike explanatory trials designed to isolate a treatment effect under ideal conditions, pragmatic designs accept real-world heterogeneity, and the resulting survival curves reflect the effectiveness of an intervention as it actually performs in clinical practice.	A pragmatic randomized clinical trial (pragmatic RCT) is an interventional study that tests whether a treatment works under routine clinical conditions, as opposed to the tightly controlled setting of an explanatory trial. It prioritizes broad eligibility, flexible delivery, and patient-relevant outcomes to answer the question 'Does this treatment work in everyday practice?' rather than 'Can this treatment work under ideal circumstances?' The distinction between pragmatic and explanatory trials was formally articulated by Schwartz and Lellouch in 1967 and operationalized by the PRECIS tool in 2009.