مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مدل لاجیت تودرتو برای انتخاب گسسته	مدل لاجیت ترکیبی (Mixed Logit Model)	مدل‌های برهم‌کنش فضایی (گرانشی)
حوزه	اقتصادسنجی	اقتصادسنجی	تحلیل فضایی
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1985	2000	1971
پدیدآور	Daniel McFadden; Ben-Akiva & Lerman	Daniel McFadden & Kenneth Train	Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family)
نوع	Discrete choice regression model	Random-parameters discrete choice model	Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations
منبع بنیادین	Ben-Akiva, M., & Lerman, S. R. (1985). Discrete Choice Analysis: Theory and Application to Travel Demand. MIT Press. ISBN: 978-0-262-02217-0	Train, K. E. (2009). Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-74738-7	Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32.
نام‌های دیگر	Tree Logit Model, Hierarchical Logit Model, Generalized Extreme Value Logit, İç İçe Logit Modeli	Random Parameters Logit, Mixed Multinomial Logit, Error Components Logit, Karma Logit Modeli	gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli
مرتبط	3	3	4
خلاصه	The Nested Logit model is a discrete choice framework that groups mutually exclusive alternatives into hierarchical nests, allowing correlated unobserved utilities within each nest while maintaining independence across nests. Introduced formally by Ben-Akiva and Lerman (1985) and grounded in McFadden's Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) theory, it extends the standard Multinomial Logit by relaxing the restrictive Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives assumption within predefined groups of similar alternatives.	The Mixed Logit model, introduced formally by McFadden and Train (2000) and elaborated in Train (2009), is a flexible discrete choice framework that allows preference parameters to vary randomly across decision-makers. By integrating standard logit probabilities over a mixing distribution of coefficients, it overcomes the restrictive independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) property and accommodates unobserved taste heterogeneity, panel data correlation, and complex substitution patterns across alternatives.	Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis.