مقایسهٔ روشها
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| مقیاس تبادل رهبر-عضو× | پرسشنامه سرمایه روانشناختی× | |
|---|---|---|
| حوزه | رفتار سازمانی | رفتار سازمانی |
| خانواده | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سال پیدایش≠ | 1995 | 2007 |
| پدیدآور≠ | George B. Graen | Fred Luthans |
| نوع | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| منبع بنیادین≠ | Graen, G. B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years. Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 219–247. link ↗ | Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital and beyond. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195388275 |
| نامهای دیگر | LMX-7, LMX, Graen Uhl-Bien Scale | PCQ-24, PsyCap, Luthans Youssef Avolio |
| مرتبط | 5 | 5 |
| خلاصه≠ | The Leader-Member Exchange Scale (LMX-7) measures the quality of the working relationship between a supervisor and employee. Developed by Graen and Uhl-Bien in 1995, it is a brief, widely adopted instrument grounded in Leader-Member Exchange theory. The scale captures mutual trust, respect, and obligation—the psychological foundation of effective working relationships. Higher LMX quality predicts engagement, performance, and retention. | The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24) measures psychological capital—the positive psychological resources of efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism—that enable individuals to thrive in demanding work environments. Developed by Luthans, Youssef, and Avolio in 2007, it operationalizes a positive organizational psychology framework that complements traditional competency assessments. PsyCap scores predict engagement, performance, well-being, and retention. |
| ScholarGateمجموعهداده ↗ |
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