مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمون گلدفلد-کوانت برای ناهمسانی واریانس	آزمون بروش-پاگان برای ناهمسانی واریانس
حوزه	اقتصادسنجی	اقتصادسنجی
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1965	1979
پدیدآور	Stephen Goldfeld & Richard Quandt	Trevor Breusch & Adrian Pagan
نوع	F-ratio test for heteroskedasticity	Lagrange-multiplier test for heteroskedasticity
منبع بنیادین	Goldfeld, S. M., & Quandt, R. E. (1965). Some tests for homoscedasticity. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 60(310), 539–547.	Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1979). A simple test for heteroscedasticity and random coefficient variation. Econometrica, 47(5), 1287–1294.
نام‌های دیگر	GQ Test, Goldfeld-Quandt Heteroskedasticity Test, Split-Sample Variance Ratio Test, Goldfeld-Quandt Homojenlik Testi	BP test, Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test, Lagrange multiplier test for heteroskedasticity, Breusch-Pagan değişen varyans testi
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Goldfeld-Quandt test, introduced by Stephen Goldfeld and Richard Quandt in 1965, is a classical diagnostic procedure for detecting heteroskedasticity in OLS regression. It operates by sorting observations according to a variable suspected of driving variance, omitting a central block, fitting separate regressions on the two tail sub-samples, and comparing their residual variances via an F-ratio. The test is particularly well-suited to situations where the error variance is believed to increase or decrease monotonically with an observed regressor.	The Breusch-Pagan test, introduced by Trevor Breusch and Adrian Pagan in 1979, is a Lagrange-multiplier test for heteroskedasticity — the condition where the variance of a regression's errors changes with the explanatory variables. It works by regressing the squared OLS residuals on candidate variables and checking whether they explain any of the residual variation, signalling that the constant-variance assumption is violated.