مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمون علیت گرنجر پانلی دومیتریسکو-هورلین	آزمون CD پساران: تشخیص وابستگی مقطعی برای داده‌های پانل
حوزه	اقتصادسنجی	اقتصادسنجی
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	2012	2021
پدیدآور	Elena-Ivona Dumitrescu & Christophe Hurlin	M. Hashem Pesaran
نوع	Non-causality test for heterogeneous panels	Non-parametric diagnostic test
منبع بنیادین	Dumitrescu, E.-I., & Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450–1460.	Pesaran, M. H. (2021). General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels. Empirical Economics, 60(1), 13–50.
نام‌های دیگر	DH Causality Test, Panel Granger Causality Test (Heterogeneous), Dumitrescu-Hurlin Test, Heterojen Panel Nedensellik Testi	CD Test, Cross-Sectional Dependence Test, Pesaran General CD Test, Kesitsel Bağımlılık Testi
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) test, introduced by Elena-Ivona Dumitrescu and Christophe Hurlin in their 2012 Economic Modelling article, tests for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panel datasets. Unlike standard panel causality approaches, it permits each cross-sectional unit to have its own distinct causal relationship, making it well-suited for macro-panels of countries, firms, or regions where homogeneity cannot be assumed.	The Pesaran CD test is a general diagnostic procedure for detecting cross-sectional dependence in panel data models. Developed by M. Hashem Pesaran (2021), it is applicable to both balanced and unbalanced panels with large N and T, and retains validity under heterogeneous slope coefficients. The test is widely adopted in empirical economics, finance, and political economy as a prerequisite check before selecting appropriate estimators or unit-root tests for panel datasets.