طرح‌های مشاهده‌ای

مسیر مطالعه

پرارجاع‌ترین روش‌های بنیادی این موضوع، به ترتیب پیدایش آن‌ها — جایی برای آغاز اگر تازه‌واردید.

1. I
   تحلیل محتوای کمی طولی1950s onward; longitudinal application widely adopted in media research by the 1970s–1980sبه قلم Developed within communication and media studies; codified by Berelson (1952) and extended by Riffe, Lacy, Fico
2. II
   پژوهش پیمایشی طولیMid-20th century (formalized ~1950s–1970s)به قلم Survey methodology tradition; codified in social sciences by scholars including W.S. Robinson (1950) and later Scott Menard
3. III
   پژوهش روندMid-20th century (formalised in social science methodology ~1950s–1960s)به قلم Earl Babbie and survey research tradition
4. IV
   پژوهش مقایسه‌ای-علی طولی1970s–1980s (as an established combined design in educational and social research)به قلم Synthesized from causal-comparative tradition (Kerlinger, 1973) and longitudinal design frameworks (Goldstein, 1979)
5. V
   پژوهش تاییدی طولی1970s onward; consolidated in SEM literature from 1990sبه قلم Synthesized from longitudinal design traditions (e.g., Baltes & Nesselroade, 1979) and confirmatory analytic frameworks (Joreskog, 1969)
6. VI
   آزمون پژوهشی مدل‌های طولی1970s–1990s (SEM foundations by Joreskog 1970; longitudinal SEM elaborated through 1990s–2000s)به قلم Synthesized from longitudinal panel design and SEM tradition (Joreskog, Bollen, Singer & Willett)
7. VII
   پژوهش پانل1970s-1980s (econometric formalization); earlier social survey use from 1940sبه قلم Social science and econometric traditions; systematized by Cheng Hsiao and others from the 1970s-1980s
8. VIII
   طراحی پژوهش طولیLate 19th–early 20th century; methodologically codified through the 20th centuryبه قلم No single originator; foundational methodological treatments by Stuart Menard and Judith Singer & John Willett