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Home›Social Psychology›Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale
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Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale

Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA) · Also known as: RWA

The Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA) is a self-report measure developed by Bob Altemeyer in 1981 to assess individual differences in authoritarian attitudes, including submission to established authorities, adherence to conventional norms, and aggression toward those perceived to violate social conventions. The scale measures three core dimensions: authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, and conventionalism. It has become a cornerstone of research on authoritarianism, political attitudes, and intergroup prejudice.

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Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale
Ambivalent Sexism Invent…Cultural Values ScaleModern Racism ScaleSocial Dominance Orienta…Authoritarian Dynamic Me…Child-Rearing Authoritar…Dogmatism ScaleMoral Foundations Questi…Need for Closure ScaleSymbolic Racism 2000 Sca…

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When to use it

Use the RWA scale in research on political attitudes, prejudice, support for punitive policies, and authoritarianism. Suitable for general adult populations, college student samples, and organizational settings. The scale is particularly valuable when investigating personality-based predictors of authoritarianism and examining relationships with political ideology, prejudice, and adherence to conventional norms.

Strengths & limitations

Strengths
  • Comprehensive measurement of authoritarianism based on Altemeyer's extensive theoretical development
  • Excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability across diverse samples
  • Strong predictive validity for political attitudes, prejudice, and support for authoritarian policies
  • 30-item format provides sufficient items for reliable measurement
Limitations
  • The label 'right-wing' may confound authoritarianism with political conservatism; authoritarianism exists across the political spectrum
  • May be subject to social desirability bias; some respondents hesitate to endorse authoritarian attitudes
  • The 9-point scale may be cognitively demanding for some respondents compared to 5-point alternatives
  • Some items are culturally specific regarding what constitutes 'traditional' or 'conventional' values

Frequently asked

What is the difference between RWA and social dominance orientation (SDO)?

RWA reflects submission to authority and adherence to convention; SDO reflects preference for group-based dominance and hierarchy. RWA individuals support the established order; SDO individuals seek to dominate within that order. Both predict conservatism but through different mechanisms.

Why is it called 'right-wing' authoritarianism?

Historically, authoritarianism has been more prevalent and visible on the political right. However, authoritarianism—valuing obedience, order, and punishment—exists across the political spectrum. Some scholars use 'authoritarianism' without the 'right-wing' label to avoid political connotations.

Does high RWA mean someone is a bad person?

High RWA reflects a personality orientation toward order, authority, and tradition, not moral worth. Many high-RWA individuals are conscientious, law-abiding, and community-oriented. RWA describes a personality trait, not character or morality.

Can RWA scores change significantly over a person's lifetime?

While RWA is relatively stable, significant life events, educational experiences, and exposure to diverse perspectives can shift scores. Major social crises sometimes increase RWA temporarily. Generally, RWA shows substantial stability across years and decades.

Sources

  1. Altemeyer, B. (1981). Right-wing authoritarianism. University of Manitoba Press. link ↗
  2. Altemeyer, B. (1988). Enemies of freedom: Understanding right-wing authoritarianism. Jossey-Bass. link ↗

How to cite this page

ScholarGate. (2026, June 3). Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA). ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/en/social-psychology/right-wing-authoritarianism-scale

Related methods

Ambivalent Sexism InventoryCultural Values ScaleModern Racism ScaleSocial Dominance Orientation Scale

Which method?

Set this method beside its closest kin and read them side by side — the library lays the books on the table; the choice is yours.

  • Ambivalent Sexism InventorySocial Psychology↔ compare
  • Cultural Values ScaleSocial Psychology↔ compare
  • Modern Racism ScaleSocial Psychology↔ compare
  • Social Dominance Orientation ScaleSocial Psychology↔ compare
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Referenced by

Ambivalent Sexism InventoryAuthoritarian Dynamic MeasurementChild-Rearing Authoritarianism MeasureDogmatism ScaleModern Racism ScaleMoral Foundations QuestionnaireNeed for Closure ScaleSocial Dominance Orientation ScaleSymbolic Racism 2000 ScaleSystem Justification ScaleTerror Management Experiment

Similar methods

Social Dominance Orientation ScaleAuthoritarian Dynamic MeasurementDogmatism ScaleReligious Fundamentalism ScaleChild-Rearing Authoritarianism MeasurePolitical Tolerance ScalePolitical Ideology ScaleAttitudes Toward Women Scale

Related reference concepts

Political PsychologyPersonality Scales & InventoriesPersonality MeasuresPolitical Processes & Political IssuesAttitude MeasuresConsumer Opinion & Attitude Testing

Spotted an issue on this page? Report or suggest a fix →

ScholarGate — Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA)). Retrieved 2026-07-21 from https://scholargate.app/en/social-psychology/right-wing-authoritarianism-scale · Dataset: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20539026
Quick facts
Originator
Bob Altemeyer
Subfamily
Social cognition
Year
1981
Type
Self-report Likert scale
Related methods
Ambivalent Sexism InventoryCultural Values ScaleModern Racism ScaleSocial Dominance Orientation Scale
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