Closed-Loop Supply Chain
A closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) integrates forward logistics (moving products to customers) with reverse logistics (recovering products, components, or materials from customers) to optimize resource recovery, reduce waste, and minimize environmental impact. Products flow forward for customer use, then flow backward for remanufacturing, refurbishment, recycling, or proper disposal. CLSC is driven by regulatory compliance (e.g., take-back laws), cost recovery, environmental responsibility, and increasingly, customer demand for sustainable business practices.
Source record
Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.
- Guide, V. D. R., & Van Wassenhove, L. N. (2003). Business aspects of closed-loop supply chains. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University Press. · URL
- Rogers, D. S., & Tibben-Lembke, R. S. (2002). Differences between forward and reverse logistics. Supply Chain Management Review, 6(5), 60-67. · URL
Curated claims
Claims persisted in the evidence ledger, each with its own assessment.
This view does not invent a claim assessment when the ledger has none.
Related methods
Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.