Regression modelEconometrics / time series

Fourier AR Model

The Fourier AR model extends the standard autoregressive specification by adding trigonometric (sine and cosine) terms to the deterministic component. This allows the model to capture smooth, gradual shifts in the mean or trend of a time series without requiring the researcher to locate or count structural break points explicitly.

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Sources

  1. Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2012). A unit root test using a Fourier series to approximate smooth breaks. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 74(4), 574–599. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0084.2011.00662.x
  2. Becker, R., Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2006). A stationarity test in the presence of an unknown number of smooth breaks. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 27(3), 381–409. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9892.2006.00478.x

Related methods

ScholarGateFourier AR Model (Fourier-Augmented Autoregressive Model). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/econometrics/fourier-ar-model