Z-Number extension of MARCOS
Z-MARCOS (Z-Number extension of MARCOS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yazdani, M., Pamucar, D., Chatterjee, P., Torkayesh, A. E. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.
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When to use it
z-marcos extends MARCOS to handle Z-Number uncertainty. All arithmetic operations (normalisation, weighting, distance computation) are performed using Z-Number (Z = (A, B): restriction A, reliability B; both fuzzy) algebra. The final scores are defuzzified via convert to regular fuzzy: Ã = B·A, then centroid before ranking.
Strengths & limitations
- Follows a transparent, reproducible computational procedure that can be audited step by step.
- Handles multiple criteria of differing scales and units within a single decision matrix.
- May exhibit rank reversal when alternatives are added to or removed from the set.
- Assumes full compensation — a strong score on one criterion can offset a weak score on another.
Sources
- Yazdani, M., Pamucar, D., Chatterjee, P., Torkayesh, A. E. (2021). A multi-tier sustainable food supplier selection model under uncertainty (MARCOS-D / Z-MARCOS adaptation). Operations Management Research DOI: 10.1007/s12063-021-00186-z ↗
How to cite this page
ScholarGate. (2026, June 2). Z-Number extension of MARCOS. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/en/decision-making/z-marcos
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