Methoden vergleichen

	Robust Weighted Least Squares (Robust WLS)	Methode der kleinsten Quadrate (OLS)	Robuste verallgemeinerte Kleinste Quadrate (Robuste GLS)	Robuste OLS (OLS mit robusten Standardfehlern)
Fachgebiet	Ökonometrie	Ökonometrie	Ökonometrie	Ökonometrie
Familie	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
Entstehungsjahr	1964/1981	2019	1936 / 1980	1980
Urheber	Huber, P. J.	Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares	Aitken (GLS theory, 1936); White (robust covariance, 1980)	Halbert White
Typ	Robust weighted regression	Linear regression	Robust linear regression	Linear regression with robust inference
Wegweisende Quelle	Huber, P. J. (1981). Robust Statistics. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471418054	Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860	Greene, W. H. (2012). Econometric Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson. Chapter 9: The Generalized Regression Model and Heteroscedasticity. ISBN: 978-0131395381	White, H. (1980). A heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroskedasticity. Econometrica, 48(4), 817–838.
Aliasnamen	robust weighted least squares, RWLS, heteroscedasticity-robust WLS, outlier-robust weighted regression	ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu	robust generalized least squares, GLS with robust standard errors, heteroscedasticity-consistent GLS, HC-GLS	HC robust regression, White robust OLS, sandwich estimator OLS, OLS with robust standard errors
Verwandt	5	5	5	6
Zusammenfassung	Robust WLS combines weighted least squares — which corrects for known or estimated heteroscedasticity — with robust M-estimation that down-weights influential outliers. The result is a regression estimator that is simultaneously efficient under non-constant error variance and resistant to observations that would otherwise distort coefficient estimates.	Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE).	Robust GLS extends classical Generalized Least Squares by pairing GLS coefficient estimation with heteroscedasticity- and autocorrelation-consistent (HAC) standard errors, or by using M-estimation within the GLS framework. It corrects for non-spherical errors — heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, or both — while also guarding inference against misspecification of the error covariance structure.	Robust OLS applies ordinary least squares to estimate coefficients and then replaces the classical standard errors with heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC) standard errors — commonly called White standard errors. This leaves the point estimates unchanged while yielding valid t-statistics and confidence intervals even when the error variance is not constant across observations.