Methoden vergleichen

	Regression-Discontinuity-Design in der Bildungsforschung	Propensity Score Matching
Fachgebiet	Kausale Inferenz	Forschungsstatistik
Familie	Regression model	Process / pipeline
Entstehungsjahr	1960 (origination); 1999-2010 (education economics canon)	1983
Urheber	Thistlethwaite & Campbell (1960); popularized in education economics by Angrist & Lavy (1999), Lee & Lemieux (2010)	Paul Rosenbaum and Donald Rubin
Typ	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Method
Wegweisende Quelle	Lee, D. S., & Lemieux, T. (2010). Regression discontinuity designs in economics. Journal of Economic Literature, 48(2), 281-355.	Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41–55.
Aliasnamen	RDD in education, education RD design, sharp RDD education, score-cutoff design	PSM, propensity score weighting, covariate balance
Verwandt	5	3
Zusammenfassung	Regression discontinuity design (RDD) in education research exploits a score-based eligibility cutoff — such as a test score threshold, GPA requirement, or age cutoff — to estimate the causal effect of a program, intervention, or policy on student or school outcomes. Units just below and just above the cutoff are treated as near-randomly assigned, enabling credible causal inference without a randomized trial.	Propensity score matching (PSM) is a method for reducing confounding bias in observational studies by balancing baseline characteristics between treatment groups, simulating randomization. Developed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983), it estimates the probability of receiving treatment given observed covariates, then matches or weights treated and control individuals with similar treatment probabilities. Widely used in medicine, epidemiology, and policy evaluation when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical, enabling estimation of treatment effects while controlling for selection bias.