পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| কয়েন্ট্রিগ্রেশন টেস্ট (জোহানসেন / এঙ্গেল-গ্র্যাঞ্জার)× | গ্র্যাঞ্জার কার্যকারণ পরীক্ষা× | ভেক্টর অটো রিগ্রেশন (VAR) মডেল× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | অর্থমিতি | অর্থমিতি | অর্থমিতি |
| পরিবার | Regression model | Regression model | Regression model |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1988 | 1969 | 2005 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Engle & Granger (1987); Johansen (1988) | Clive W. J. Granger | Lütkepohl (textbook treatment); Sims (1980) macroeconometric tradition |
| ধরন≠ | Time-series cointegration test | Time-series predictive causality test | Multivariate time-series model |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12(2-3), 231-254. DOI ↗ | Granger, C. W. J. (1969). Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods. Econometrica, 37(3), 424-438. DOI ↗ | Lütkepohl, H. (2005). New Introduction to Multiple Time Series Analysis. Springer. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম | Johansen cointegration test, Engle-Granger cointegration test, long-run equilibrium test, Eşbütünleşme Testi (Johansen/Engle-Granger) | Granger causality test, Granger non-causality test, predictive causality test, Granger Nedensellik Testi | vector autoregression, VAR, VAR Modeli (Vektör Otoregresyon), vektör otoregresyon |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | The cointegration test examines whether non-stationary time series that each contain a unit root share a stable long-run equilibrium relationship. The single-equation residual approach was introduced by Engle and Granger (1987) and the system-based rank approach by Johansen (1988). | The Granger causality test, introduced by Clive W. J. Granger in 1969, assesses whether the past values of one time series help predict another beyond what the latter's own past already explains. It defines causality in a strictly predictive sense rather than as a structural or physical cause. | Vector Autoregression is a multivariate time-series model that treats several interdependent series symmetrically, letting each variable depend on its own past values and the past values of all the others. It is the standard tool for capturing mutual causality and joint dynamics, developed in the modern multiple-time-series tradition treated by Lütkepohl (2005). |
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