قارن الطرق

	الانحدار التدريجي (Stepwise Regression)	الانحدار الخطي المتعدد
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1960	1886
صاحب الطريقة	M. A. Efroymson	Francis Galton; formalized by Karl Pearson
النوع	Automated variable selection	Parametric linear model
المصدر التأسيسي	Efroymson, M. A. (1960). Multiple regression analysis. In A. Ralston & H. S. Wilf (Eds.), Mathematical Methods for Digital Computers (pp. 191–203). Wiley.	Galton, F. (1886). Regression towards mediocrity in hereditary stature. Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 15, 246–263.
الأسماء البديلة	stepwise selection, forward stepwise regression, backward stepwise regression, forward-backward selection	MLR, OLS regression, multiple regression, linear regression with multiple predictors
ذات صلة	5	8
الملخص	Stepwise regression is an automated variable selection procedure for multiple linear regression that adds or removes predictor variables one at a time according to a statistical criterion, typically the F-statistic or a p-value threshold. The forward-selection algorithm was formally described by Efroymson (1960) and the bidirectional variant was popularised by Draper and Smith in their landmark 1966 text Applied Regression Analysis. Despite widespread historical use, the method is now widely critiqued, making its documentation essential in any canonical methods library.	Multiple linear regression (MLR) is a parametric regression model that expresses a continuous outcome as a weighted linear combination of two or more predictor variables plus a random error term. The unknown weights (regression coefficients) are estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS), which minimises the sum of squared residuals. The method traces to Francis Galton's 1886 work on hereditary stature and was placed on firm mathematical footing by Karl Pearson; Draper and Smith's 1966 textbook established it as the standard framework for applied regression.