قارن الطرق

	تقنية تقييم الوعي بالموقف (SART)	مقياس الوعي الظرفي للفريق (TSAS)
المجال	العوامل البشرية	العوامل البشرية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1990	1992
صاحب الطريقة	Robert M. Taylor	Mica Endsley, Eduardo Salas
النوع	Self-report	Self-report / Observational
المصدر التأسيسي	Taylor, R. M. (1990). Situational awareness rating technique (SART): The development of a tool for aircrew systems design. In AGARD-CP-478 (pp. 3/1–3/17). NATO Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development.	Salas, E., Prince, C., & Brannick, M. T. (1992). Team performance assessment in military tasks. In R. Guzzo & E. Salas (Eds.), Team Effectiveness and Decision Making in Organizations (pp. 90-120). Jossey-Bass.
الأسماء البديلة	SART	TSAS, Team SA Scale
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Situational Awareness Rating Technique (SART), developed by Robert Taylor in 1990 for the NATO Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD), is a subjective post-task measurement instrument for assessing an operator's degree of situational awareness (SA)—the perception of elements in the environment, understanding of their meaning, and projection of their future state. SART is widely used in aviation, military operations, emergency response, and human-factors research to evaluate system designs, training effectiveness, and task demands that enable or impair operator situational awareness.	The Team Situation Awareness Scale (TSAS) extends individual situational awareness measurement to the team level, assessing how well team members collectively perceive the task environment, understand shared information, and coordinate their actions. Developed by Endsley, Salas, and collaborators in the 1990s–2000s, the TSAS measures team-level SA, recognizing that in complex operations (emergency response, military command, operating rooms), task success depends not just on individual operator awareness but on shared mental models, communication, and coordinated decision-making.