قارن الطرق

	نموذج هول-وايت	التقييم المحايد للمخاطر
المجال	التمويل الكمي	التمويل الكمي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1990	1979
صاحب الطريقة	John C. Hull and Alan White	John Harrison and David Kreps
النوع	Interest Rate Model	Fundamental Principle
المصدر التأسيسي	Hull, J., & White, A. (1990). Pricing interest-rate-derivative securities. Review of Financial Studies, 3(4), 573-592.	Harrison, J. M., & Kreps, D. M. (1979). Martingales and arbitrage in multiperiod securities markets. Journal of Economic Theory, 20(3), 381-408.
الأسماء البديلة	Extended Vasicek, Generalized Vasicek	Risk-Neutral Measure, Q-Measure
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Hull-White model (1990) is a one-factor short-rate model with time-dependent mean reversion and volatility, designed to fit the initial yield curve exactly. It generalizes the Vasicek model to allow better calibration to observed bond and derivative prices, and is widely used for pricing interest rate exotics and managing interest rate risk.	Risk-neutral valuation (1979) is the fundamental principle that derivative prices equal the expected payoff discounted at the risk-free rate, computed under a risk-neutral probability measure (Q-measure). This principle, formalized by Harrison and Kreps, eliminates the need to estimate risk premia and is the foundation of modern derivatives pricing.