قارن الطرق

	تقنية دلفي	استطلاع الهاتف المحمول	البحث بالاستبيان عبر الإنترنت
المجال	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1950s–1963	Late 2000s–2010s (accelerated with smartphone adoption, ~2007–2015)	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)
صاحب الطريقة	Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation)	Emerged from web survey methodology researchers (Couper, Buskirk, Toepoel, and others)	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)
النوع	Iterative expert consensus technique	Quantitative / mixed data collection technique	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique
المصدر التأسيسي	Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467.	Toepoel, V., & Lugtig, P. (2014). What happens if you offer a mobile option to your web panel? Evidence from a probability-based panel of internet users. Social Science Computer Review, 32(4), 544–560.	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.
الأسماء البديلة	Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel	smartphone survey, mobile web survey, mobile questionnaire, m-survey	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing
ذات صلة	6	6	6
الملخص	The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion.	A mobile survey is a self-report questionnaire designed and administered through smartphones or tablets, either via a mobile-optimized web browser or a dedicated app. As mobile devices became the dominant mode of internet access globally, surveys must be built for small screens, touch interaction, and variable connectivity. Mobile surveys are used across social science, public health, market research, and organizational studies when reaching respondents in their natural, everyday context is a priority.	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.