قارن الطرق
راجع الطرق التي اخترتها جنبًا إلى جنب؛ الصفوف المختلفة مميَّزة.
| تقنية دلفي× | البحث بالاستبيان عبر الإنترنت× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | منهجية المسح | منهجية المسح |
| العائلة | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1950s–1963 | Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000) |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation) | Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks) |
| النوع≠ | Iterative expert consensus technique | Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. DOI ↗ | Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494. DOI ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة | Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel | web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing |
| ذات صلة | 6 | 6 |
| الملخص≠ | The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion. | An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today. |
| ScholarGateمجموعة البيانات ↗ |
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