قارن الطرق
راجع الطرق التي اخترتها جنبًا إلى جنب؛ الصفوف المختلفة مميَّزة.
| نماذج الكوبولا (غاوسية، t، كلايتون، غومبل، فرانك)× | اختبار جوهانسون للتكامل المشترك ونموذج تصحيح الخطأ المتجهي× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | التمويل | التمويل |
| العائلة | Regression model | Regression model |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1959 | 1991 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Sklar (1959); dependence-concept treatment by Joe (1997) | Søren Johansen |
| النوع≠ | Dependence model | Multivariate cointegration / vector error correction model |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Sklar, A. (1959). Fonctions de répartition à n dimensions et leurs marges. Publications de l'Institut Statistique de l'Université de Paris, 8, 229-231. link ↗ | Johansen, S. (1991). Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models. Econometrica, 59(6), 1551-1580. DOI ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة≠ | copulas, dependence copulas, vine copulas, Kopula Modelleri (Gaussian, t, Clayton, Gumbel, Frank) | Johansen test, VECM, vector error correction model, multivariate cointegration |
| ذات صلة≠ | 5 | 3 |
| الملخص≠ | Copula models are a family of functions that describe the dependence structure between variables separately from their individual (marginal) distributions. The foundation is Sklar's theorem (1959), which shows that any multivariate distribution can be split into its marginals plus a copula; Joe (1997) developed the modern catalogue of dependence concepts. They are central to portfolio risk and credit modelling. | The Johansen procedure is a multivariate cointegration framework, introduced by Søren Johansen in 1991, that tests for long-run equilibrium relationships among several I(1) time series. It determines how many cointegrating vectors link the series and then builds a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to describe the short-run dynamics around that equilibrium. |
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