Process / pipelineCognitive Semantics
原型理论
原型理论是一种理解人类如何对概念进行分类的框架，它提出类别围绕原型——最典型或最核心的成员——进行组织。该理论由埃莉诺·罗什于1973年提出，挑战了古典逻辑认为类别具有由充分必要特征定义的固定边界的观点。相反，原型具有模糊的边界和渐进的成员资格：有些实例更核心（知更鸟是典型的鸟类），而有些则处于边缘（企鹅是鸟类，但不太典型）。原型理论对理解语言、认知和意义具有深远的影响。
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来源
- Rosch, E. (1973). Natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 4(3), 328-350. DOI: 10.1016/0010-0285(73)90017-0 ↗
- Lakoff, G. (1987). Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal About the Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226471013.001.0001 ↗
- Taylor, J. R. (2003). Linguistic Categorization: Prototypes in Linguistic Theory (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780199266647.001.0001 ↗
如何引用本页
ScholarGate. (2026, June 3). Prototype Theory Framework. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/zh/linguistics/prototype-theory
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