按方法、领域与证据探索科学。

BSQ

The BSQ is a self-report questionnaire measuring preoccupation with and dissatisfaction about body shape. Originally developed by Cooper and colleagues in 1987, the full version contains 34 items; shorter versions (BSQ-16, BSQ-8) are also widely used. The BSQ was designed to assess body shape concern as a core psychopa

psychometrics

Computerized adaptive test item analysis

Computerized adaptive test item analysis evaluates and calibrates items intended for use in adaptive testing environments. Unlike fixed-form analysis, it accounts for the non-random item exposure inherent in adaptive administration, using item response theory to estimate item parameters, information functions, and expo

psychometrics

Longitudinal Item Analysis

Longitudinal item analysis examines how the statistical properties of individual scale items — difficulty, discrimination, factor loadings, and fit — remain stable or change systematically across repeated measurement occasions. It is the item-level foundation of longitudinal measurement validity.

political psychology

Political Tolerance Scale

The Political Tolerance Scale measures willingness to permit unpopular groups to exercise civil liberties and political rights, including free speech, assembly, and voting rights even for groups the respondent strongly opposes. Pioneered by Stouffer (1955) measuring tolerance of communists during McCarthyism and extend

psychometrics

Robust Rasch Model

The robust Rasch model applies the standard one-parameter logistic Rasch framework with estimation procedures designed to limit the influence of outlying item responses, aberrant respondents, or mild model violations, producing stable item and person parameter estimates that are less sensitive to data contamination tha

psychometrics

Short form Rasch model

The short form Rasch model applies Rasch measurement theory to abbreviated instrument versions. Rather than using all items from a full scale, researchers select a reduced item set and calibrate it under the Rasch model to verify that the shortened instrument preserves interval-level measurement, adequate person separa

psychometrics

Short-Form IRT

Short-form item response theory applies IRT calibration and scoring to abbreviated or shortened psychological scales. It uses item information functions to guide which items to retain from a full-length instrument, then estimates latent trait scores from the reduced item set while preserving psychometric rigor and link